Climate change, a global concern that continues to challenge nations worldwide, is significantly impacting Nigeria’s energy market. As Africa’s largest economy and most populous country, Nigeria’s energy sector is a critical component of its overall economic stability and growth. However, the increasing effects of climate change, including erratic rainfall patterns, rising temperatures, and extreme weather events, are posing substantial threats to the country’s energy production and distribution.

Nigeria’s energy market is primarily dependent on fossil fuels, with oil and gas accounting for about 35% of the country’s Gross Domestic Product (GDP). However, climate change is threatening the sustainability of these resources. Rising temperatures and fluctuating rainfall patterns are causing significant changes in the Niger Delta region, where the majority of Nigeria’s oil and gas reserves are located. These changes are leading to increased evaporation rates, which in turn result in lower water levels that can hinder oil and gas extraction processes.

Moreover, extreme weather events such as floods and droughts, which are becoming more frequent and intense due to climate change, are causing substantial damage to Nigeria’s energy infrastructure. Flooding, for instance, often leads to the shutdown of oil and gas facilities, causing significant production losses. On the other hand, drought conditions can severely impact hydroelectric power generation, which constitutes a significant portion of Nigeria’s electricity supply.

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